DOR NEUROPÁTICA
A Dor neuropática foi o tema escolhido pela IASP para assinalar o Ano Global Contra a Dor, e pela EFIC para assinalar o Ano Europeu Contra a Dor, entre 2014 e 2015. Durante este ano serão desenvolvidas acções dedicadas a este tema, para pacientes e profissionais de saúde, que podem ser consultadas no site da IASP e da EFIC.
A Dor Neuropática é uma dor que surge como consequência direta de uma lesão ou doença que afeta o sistema somato-sensitivo.
Apesar de estarem disponíveis vários fármacos e guidelines para o tratamento da dor neuropática, surgem dos Estados Unidos e da Europa, evidências de que não estão a ser amplamente utilizadas.
Como consequência, continuam a existir muitos doentes sub-tratados, ou mesmo não tratados da forma mais adequada.
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What is Neuropathic Pain?
Neuropathic pain is defined as pain that arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or diseases affecting the somatosensory system.
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Painful HIV-Associated Sensory Neuropathy
HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) is a distal symmetrical polyneuropathy that develops in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The neuropathy is commonly painful.
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Epidemiology of Neuropathic Pain: How Common is Neuropathic Pain, and What Is Its Impact?
General population studies, using validated screening instruments, have found that 7–8% of adults currently have chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics.
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Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain
Understanding the neurophysiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that contribute to neuropathic pain is important for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Many preclinical models of neuropathic pain have been developed.
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ALLODYNIA AND HYPERALGESIA IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN
Allodynia and hyperalgesia are common and bothersome symptoms in patients with pain due to a disease or injury of the nervous system. Allodynia is pain due to a stimulus that does not normally elicit pain. Hyperalgesia is increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain.
Central Neuropathic Pain
Central neuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or disease of the central somatosensory nervous system.
Central post stroke pain can occur after a cerebrovascular accident. Other common causes of central neuropathic
pain include spinal cord injury (including syringomyelia), multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.
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Painful Polyneuropathies
Peripheral neuropathy is a disease or degenerative state of peripheral nerves in which motor, sensory, or autonomic nerve fibers may be affected. Polyneuropathy is a generalized, roughly symmetric hereditary or acquired disorder affecting peripheral nerves. It is the most common form of peripheral neuropathies. Small-fiber neuropathy is a subtype of sensory neuropathies, which exclusively or predominately affects small diameter fibers (Aδ) and unmyelinated (C) fibers.
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