Page 36 Volume 17 - N.3 - 2009

T. Taleço, et al.: Antagonistas do Receptor N-Metil-D-Aspartato na Prevenção e Tratamento da Dor Aguda Pós-Operatória
54. Guignard B, Coste C, Costes H, et al. Supplementing desflurane- 79. Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, et al. Magnesium increase mor-
remifentanil anesthesia with small-dose ketamine reduced periopera- phine analgesia effect in different experimental models of pain.
tive opioid analgesic requirements. Anesth Analg. 2002;95:103-8. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:627-32.
55. Engelhardt T, Zaarour C, Naser B, et al. Intraoperative low-dose 80. Kroin JS, Mccarthy RJ, Von Roenn, et al. Magnesium sulphate po-
ketamine does not prevent a remifentanil-induced increase in mor- tentiate morphine antinociception at the spinal level. Anesth Analg.
phine requirement after pediatric scoliosis surgery. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:913-7.
2008;107(4):1170-5. 81. Lysakowski C, Dumont L, Czarnetzki C, et al. Magnesium as an
56. Ganne O, Abisseror M, Menault P, et al. Low-dose ketamine failed adjuvant to postoperative analgesia: a systematic review of rand-
to spare morphine after a remifentanil-based anaesthesia for ear, omized trials. Anesth Analg. 2007;104(6):1532-9.
nose and throat surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005;22(6):426-30. 82. Ko SH, Lim HR, Kim DC, et al. Magnesium sulfate does not reduce
57. Jaksch W, Lang S, Reichhalter R, et al. Perioperative small-dose postoperative analgesic requirements. Anesthesiology. 2001;95(3):
S(+)-ketamine has no incremental beneficial effects on postoperative 640-6.
pain when standard-practice opioid infusions are used. Anesth An- 83. Hwang JY, Na HS, Jeon YT, et al. I.V. infusion of magnesium sulphate
alg. 2002;94:981-6. during spinal anaesthesia improves postoperative analgesia. Br J
58. Urban MK, Ya Deau JT, Wukovits B, et al. Ketamine as an adjunct Anaesth. 2010;104(1):89-93.
to postoperative pain management in opioid tolerant patients after 84. Saadawy IM, Kaki AM, Abd El Latif AA, et al. Lidocaine vs. magne-
spinal fusions: a prospective randomized trial. HSS J. 2008;4(1):62-5. sium: effect on analgesia after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta
59. Weinbroum AA. A single small dose of postoperative ketamine pro- Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54(5):549-56.
vides rapid and sustained improvement in morphine analgesia in the 85. Mentes O, Harlak A, Yigit T, et al. Effect of intraoperative magnesium
presence of morphine-resistant pain. Anesth Analg. 2003;96(3):789-95. sulphate infusion on pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
60. Gillies A, Lindholm D, Angliss M, et al. The use of ketamine as Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008;52(10):1353-9.
rescue analgesia in the recovery room following morphine adminis- 86. Dabbagh A, Elyasi H, Razavi SS, et al. Intravenous magnesium
tration–a double-blind randomised controlled trial in postoperative sulfate for post-operative pain in patients undergoing lower limb
patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2007;35(2):199-203. orthopedic surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2009;53(8):1088-91.
61. Conceição MJ, Conceição DB, Leão CC. Effect of an intravenous 87. Ryu JH, Kang MH, Park KS, Do SH. Effects of magnesium sulphate
single dose of ketamine on postoperative pain in tonsillectomy pa- on intraoperative anaesthetic requirements and postoperative anal-
tients. Paediatr Anaesth. 2006;16:962-7. gesia in gynaecology patients receiving total intravenous anaesthe-
62. Abu-Shahwan I. Ketamine does not reduce postoperative morphine con- sia. Br J Anaesth. 2008;100(3):397-403.
sumption after tonsillectomy in children. Clin J Pain. 2008;24:395-8. 88. Kroin JS, McCarthy RJ, Von Roenn N, et al. Magnesium sulphate
63. Dal D, Celebi N, Elvan EG, et al. The efficacy of intravenous or potentiates morphine antinociception at the spinal level. Anesth
peritonsillar infiltration of ketamine for postoperative pain relief in Analg. 2000;90:913-7.
children following adenotonsillectomy. Paediatr Anaesth. 89. Buvanendran A, McCarthy RJ, Kroin JS, et al. Intrathecal magnesium
2007;17(3):263-9. prolongs fentanyl analgesia: a prospective, randomized, controlled
64. Honarmand A, Safavi MR, Jamshidi M. The preventative analgesic trial. Anesth Analg. 2002;95:661-6.
effect of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two low doses of 90. Malleeswaran S, Panda N, Mathew P, et al. A randomised study of
ketamine for postoperative pain relief in children following adenoton- magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine in
sillectomy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. patients with mild preeclampsia undergoing caesarean section. Int
Paediatr Anaesth. 2008;18(6):508-14. J Obstet Anesth. 2010;19:161-6.
65. Erhan OL, Goksu H, Alpay C, et al. Ketamine in posttonsillectomy 91. Ghrab BE, Maatoug M, Kallel N, et al. Does combination of intrath-
pain. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;71:735-9. ecal magnesium sulfate and morphine improve postcaesarean sec-
66. Hodgson PS, Neal JM, Pollock JE, et al. The neurotoxicity of drugs tion analgesia? Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2009;28(5):454-9.
given intrathecally (spinal). Anesth Analg. 1999;88(4):797-809. 92. Unlugenc H, Ozalevli M, Gunduz M, et al. Comparison of intrathecal
67. Walker SM, Goudas LC, Cousins MJ, et al. Combination spinal an- magnesium, fentanyl, or placebo combined with bupivacaine 0.5%
algesic chemotherapy: a systematic review. Anesth Analg. for parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery. Acta Anaes-
2002;95(3):674-715. thesiol Scand. 2009;53(3):346-53.
68. Ansermino M, Basu R, Vandebeek C, et al. Nonopioid additives to 93. Arcioni R, Palmisani S, Tigano S, et al. Combined intrathecal and
local anaesthetics for caudal blockade in children: a systematic epidural magnesium sulphate supplementation of spinal anesthesia
review. Paediatr Anaesth. 2003;13(7):561-73. to reduce post-operative analgesic requirements: A prospective,
69. Tsui BC, Berde CB. Caudal analgesia and anesthesia techniques in randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in patients undergoing ma-
children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2005;18(3):283-8. jor orthopedic surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2007;51(4):482-9.
70. Locatelli BG, Frawley G, Spotti A, et al. Analgesic effectiveness of 94. Dayioglu H, Baykara ZN, Salbes A, et al. Effects of adding magne-
caudal levobupivacaine and ketamine. Br J Anaesth. 2008;100(5): sium to bupivacaine and fentanyl for spinal anesthesia in knee ar-
701-6. throscopy. J Anesth. 2009;23(1):19-25.
71. Zohar E, Luban I, Zunser I, et al. Patient-controlled bupivacaine 95. Bilir A, Gulec S, Erkan A, et al. Epidural magnesium reduces post-
wound instillation following cesarean section: the lack of efficacy of operative analgesic requirement. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98:519-23.
adjuvant ketamine. J Clin Anesth. 2002;14(7):505-11. 96. Farouk S. Pre-incisional epidural magnesium provides pre-emptive
72. Clerc S, Vuilleumier H, Frascarolo P, et al. Is the effect of inguinal and preventive analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hyster-
field block with 0.5% bupivacaine on postoperative pain after hernia ectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2008;101:694-9.
repair enhanced by addition of ketorolac or S(+) ketamine? Clin J 97. Kashefi P, Montazeri K, Honarmand A, et al. Adding magnesium
Pain. 2005;21(1):101-5. to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia. JRMS. 2008;13(3):
73. Lee IO, Kim WK, Kong MH, et al. No enhancement of sensory and 108-14.
motor blockade by ketamine added to ropivacaine interscalene bra- 98. Turan A, Memis D, Karamanlioglu B, et al. Intravenous regional an-
chial plexus blockade. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002;46(7):821-6. esthesia using lidocaine and magnesium. Anesth Analg.
74. Rosseland LA, Stubhaug A, Sandberg L, et al. Intra-articular (IA) 2005;100(4):1189-92.
catheter administration of postoperative analgesics. A new trial de- 99. Bondok RS, Abd El-Hady AM. Intra-articular magnesium is effective
sign allows evaluation of baseline pain, demonstrates large variation for postoperative analgesia in arthroscopic knee surgery. Br J
in need of analgesics, and finds no analgesic effect of IA ketamine Anaesth. 2006;97:389-92.
compared with IA saline. Pain. 2003;104(1-2):25-34. 100. Elsharnouby NM, Eid HE, Abou Elezz NF, et al. Intraarticular injection
75. Tan PH, Cheng JT, Kuo CH, et al. Preincisional subcutaneous infiltra- of magnesium sulphate and/or bupivacaine for postoperative anal-
tion of ketamine suppresses postoperative pain after circumcision gesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. Anesth Analg. 2008;106(5):
surgery. Clin J Pain. 2007;23(3):214-8. 1548-52.
76. Azevedo VM, Lauretti GR, Pereira NL, et al. Transdermal ketamine 101. Farouk S, Aly A. A comparison of intra-articular magnesium and/or
as an adjuvant for postoperative analgesia after abdominal gyneco- morphine with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after ar-
logical surgery using lidocaine epidural blockade. Anesth Analg. throscopic knee surgery. J Anesth. 2009;23:508-12.
2000;91(6):1479-82. 102. Gottschalk A, Schroeder F, Ufer M, et al. Amantadine, a N-methyl-
77. Duedahl TH, Romsing J, Moiniche S, et al. A qualitative systematic D-aspartate receptor antagonist, does not enhance postoperative
review of peri-operative dextromethorphan in post-operative analgesia in women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Anesth
pain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006;50(1):1-13. Analg. 2001;93:192-6.
78. Chau-In W, Sukmuan B, Ngamsangsirisapt K, et al. Efficacy of pre- 103. Snijdelaar DG, Koren G, Katz J. Effects of perioperative oral aman-
and postoperative oral dextromethorphan for reduction of intra- and tadine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients DOR
24-hour postoperative morphine consumption for transabdominal after radical prostatectomy: results of a preliminary study. Anesthe-
hysterectomy. Pain Med. 2007;8(5):462-7. siology. 2004;100(1):134-41. 35